16^th Global Annual Oncologists Meeting April 24-25, 2017 Dubai, UAE

Clinical Oncology includes Medical Oncology (MO) ,Surgical Oncology (SO) , Gynecologic Oncology, Hematologic Malignancies .Medical oncology communicates the results of clinical and experimental research in oncology and haematology, particularly with experimental therapeutics with the field of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. A surgical and non surgical oncologist specializes in the removal of the tumours and surrounding tissue during an operation. A surgical also performs biopsies (the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope). Gynecologic oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on cancers of the female reproductive system, including ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, and vulvar cancer. Hematologic malignancies are forms of cancer that begin in the cells of blood-forming tissue, such as the bone marrow, or in the cells of the immune system. Werner syndrome (WS), also known as "adult progeria is a rare, autosomal recessive progeroid syndrome (PS), which is characterized by the appearance of premature aging.

The term 'pediatric oncologist' usually refers to physicians who have specialized in pediatrics and then received further training in medical oncology and hematology. This means that rather than using surgery or radiation therapy to treat cancer, pediatric oncologists typically use medications and chemotherapy. Myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue. In medicine, histiocytosis refers to an excessive number of histiocytes, (tissue macrophages), and is typically used to refer to a group of rare diseases which share this as a characteristic. Occasionally and confusingly, the term "histiocytosis" is sometimes used to refer to individual diseases. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, also known as acute lymphocytic leukemia or acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), is an acute form of leukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells, characterized by the overproduction and accumulation of cancerous, immature white blood cells, known as lymphoblasts A brain tumor or intracranial neoplasm occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. There are two main types of tumors: malignant or cancerous tumors and benign tumors.

A radiation oncologist is a specialist physician who uses ionizing radiation (such as megavoltage X-rays or radionuclides) in the treatment of cancer. Radiation oncology is one of the three primary specialties, the other two being surgical and medical oncology, involved in the treatment of cancer. Brachytherapy is an advanced cancer treatment. Radioactive seeds or sources are placed in or near the tumor itself, giving a high radiation dose to the tumor while reducing the radiation exposure in the surrounding healthy tissues. External beam therapy (EBT), also called external radiation therapy, is a method for delivering a beam or several beams of high-energy x-rays to a patient's tumor. Intraoperative radiation therapy, or IORT is the application of therapeutic levels of radiation to the tumor bed while the area is exposed during surgery. Systemic radiation therapy is a type of radiation therapy in which radioactive material travels through the bloodstream to reach cells all over the body. Systemic radiation is used to treat certain types of cancer, such as thyroid cancer, or to relieve pain when cancer has spread (metastasized) to the bone. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) uses an antibody labeled with a radionuclide to deliver cytotoxic radiation to a target cell.[1] In cancer therapy, an antibody with specificity for a tumor-associated antigen is used to deliver a lethal dose of radiation to the tumor cells.

Hematology-oncology: The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood diseases (hematology) and cancer (oncology) and research into them. Hematology-oncology includes such diseases as iron deficiency anemia, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, the thalassemias, leukemias and lymphomas, as well as cancers of other organs. Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues or haematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies are tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. Plasma cell dyscrasias are disorders of the plasma cells. Plasma cell dyscrasias are produced as a result of abnormal proliferation of a monoclonal population of plasma cells that may or may not secrete detectable levels of a monoclonal immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragment (paraprotein or M protein). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow - the spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are made. Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of diseases in which the bone marrow makes too many white blood cells. Both Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are lymphomas — a type of cancer that begins in a subset of white blood cells called lymphocytes.

Chemotherapeutic agent An agent used to treat cancer administered in regimens of one or more cycles, combining two or more agents over a period of days to weeks. Intravenous (IV) chemotherapy (chemo) is one way to receive cancer-fighting medicine. Oral chemotherapy (chemo) is a treatment used to shrink a tumor or kill cancer cells. Oral chemo is usually taken in the form of a pill or capsule. Arterial chemotherapy infusion of the liver and chemoembolization of the liver (transarterial chemoembolization or TACE) are similar procedures that are used for the treatment of cancers in the liver. Adjuvant therapy or care, also called adjunct therapy or adjunctive therapy or care, is therapy that is given in addition to the primary, main, or initial therapy to maximize its effectiveness. Topical chemotherapy is a cream or lotion applied directly to the skin cancer. Different drugs cause different side effects. Certain types of chemotherapy often have specific side effects. But, each person’s experience is different.

An oncologist is a doctor who specializes in treating people with cancer. They are responsible for the care of a patient from the moment of a cancer diagnosis throughout the course of the disease. A medical oncologist specializes in treating cancer with chemotherapy such as targeted therapy and oral (in pill form) chemotherapy. A surgical oncologist specializes in the removal of the tumor and surrounding tissue during an operation. And a radiation oncologist specializes in treating cancer with radiation therapy (the use of high-energy x-rays or other particles to kill cancer cells). Oncology Trials Insights (OTI) is a clinical trials strategy company; and is focused specifically in the oncology space. Gynecologic Oncology is a field of study in which a doctor trains to become specialist in cancers of the female reproductive organs such as the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, etc.

Metastasis to distant organs is an ominous feature of most malignant tumours but the natural history of this process varies in different cancers. The cellular origin, intrinsic properties of the tumour, tissue affinities and circulation patterns determine not only the sites of tumour spread, but also the temporal course and severity of metastasis to vital organs. Targeting cancer metabolism has the potential to lead to major advances in tumor therapy. Numerous promising metabolic drug targets have been identified. Yet, it has emerged that there is no singular metabolism that defines the oncogenic state of the cell. Rather, the metabolism of cancer cells is a function of the requirements of a tumor. Hence, the tissue of origin, the (epi)genetic drivers, the aberrant signaling, and the microenvironment all together define these metabolic requirements.

Metastasis, or metastatic disease, is the spread of a cancer or other disease from one organ or part to another not directly connected with it. An oncovirus is a virus that can cause cancer. This term originated from studies of acutely transforming retroviruses in the 1950–60s, often called oncornaviruses to denote their RNA virus origin. Carcinogenesis or oncogenesis or tumorigenesis is the actual formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. Mutagenesis /mjuːtəˈdÊ’É›nɪsɪs/ is a process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed in a stable manner, resulting in a mutation. It may occur spontaneously in nature, or as a result of exposure to mutagens. Apoptosis is a form of physiological cell death mediated by caspases, a unique family of intracellular cysteine proteases.

X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of electromagnetic radiation Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body. An ultrasound scan, sometimes called a sonogram, is a procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to create an image of part of the inside of the body. A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist involving sampling of cells or tissues for examination. A complete blood count (CBC) gives important information about the kinds and numbers of cells in the blood, especially red blood cells camera.gif, white blood cells camera.gif, and platelets. Cancer staging is the process of determining the extent to which a cancer has developed by spreading. The TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours (TNM) is a cancer staging notation system that gives codes to describe the stage of a person's cancer, when this originates with a solid tumor. Pathologic staging, where a pathologist examines sections of tissue, can be particularly problematic for two specific reasons: visual discretion and random sampling of tissue.

The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of injury, deformity, and disease by the use of instruments. Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. Gene therapy could be a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. A bone marrow transplant is a procedure to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with healthy bone marrow stem cells. Immunotherapy is a new class of cancer treatment that works to harness the innate powers of the immune system to fight cancer. Refractive surgery is the term used to describe surgical procedures that correct common vision problems (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and presbyopia) to reduce your dependence on prescription eyeglasses and/or contact lenses. Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels. This process involves the migration, growth, and differentiation of endothelial cells, which line the inside wall of blood vessels. Hyperthermia is elevated body temperature due to failed thermoregulation that occurs when a body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates.

Protein Biomarkers can be used as biomarkers for early detection of cancers especially used for the identification of breast cancer. Diagnostic Patients with suspected pancreatic cancer will undergo an initial CT scan to determine if a suspect mass is localized and removed by surgery 63% of patients will be diagnosed with non-resectable stage III and IV disease and a biopsy will be undertaken to confirm pancreatic cancer by H&E pathological analysis.  The presence of cancerous cells via pathology is very challenging due to high numbers of non-cancerous stromal infiltrating cells and administration of chemotherapy or enrolment into a clinical trial will only commence on definitive diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. These will notice specifically stains neoplastic pancreatic cells would enable the pathologist to confidently diagnose pancreatic cancer and thus offer appropriate cancer treatment to the patients. The Novel Biomarker BI-010 has been identified as a highly sensitive (98%) and specific (95%) IHC marker for pancreatic cancer and CRT is seeking a partner to develop an IHC based test to detect BI-010 in fine needle aspirate biopsies from biopsy samples.

Treatment often fails when cancer becomes resistant to anti-cancer drugs. Thus, drug resistance is a big challenge facing the survival of cancer patients. Research in discovering and designing drugs with new chemistry structure or mechanism of action is critical to overcome the drug resistance problem and give patient better chance to survive longer. Monoclonal antibody therapy is a form of immunotherapy that uses monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to specifically bind to specific cells or proteins. Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology which made its debut with greatly increased possibilities in the field of medicine. Nanomedicine desires to deliver research tools and clinically reformative devices in the near future.The clinical toxicology importance of any drug interaction depends on factors that are drug-patient and administration related. Generally, a doubling or more in plasma drug concentration has the potential for enhanced adverse or beneficial drug response Drug interactions in oncology are of particular importance owing to the narrow therapeutic index and the inherent toxicity of anticancer agents. Interactions with other medications can cause small changes in the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of a chemotherapy agent that could significantly alter its efficacy or toxicity.

Vaccines – Vaccines help the body’s immune system prepare for future attacks. Vaccines consist of killed or modified microbes, parts of microbes, or microbial DNA that trick the body into thinking an infection has occurred. A prophylactic vaccination is a selective exposure to a weakened or diluted form of an infectious agent to encourage a patient to form antibodies. Vaccination given during childhood is generally safe.[15] Adverse effects if any are generally mild.[16] The rate of side effects depends on the vaccine in question.[16] Some common side effects include: fever, pain around the injection site, and muscle aches.[16] Additionally, some individuals may be allergic to ingredients in the vaccine.[17] MMR vaccine is rarely associated with febrile seizures.

 Prevention- Cancer chemoprevention is defined as the use of natural, synthetic, or biologic chemical agents to reverse, suppress, or prevent carcinogenic progression to invasive cancer. Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms. The effect of diet and nutrition on cancer prevention and recurrence (the return of cancer after treatment) is one of the most studied topics in medicine.

Cancer survival rates or survival statistics tell you the percentage of people who survive a certain type of cancer for a specific amount of time. These stats often use an overall five-year survival rate.

Cancer living rates are supported on research from information gathered on hundreds or thousands of individuals with a particular cancer. An overall existing rate includes individuals of all ages and health conditions who have been diagnosed together with your cancer, together with those diagnosed extremely early and people diagnosed terribly late.

Ayurvedic medicine is an ancient Indian system of medicine which began about 5,000 years ago. It is not just one treatment. It is a way of diagnosing illness and using a wide range of treatments and techniques. Herbal medicine uses plants, or mixtures of plant extracts, to treat illness and promote health. It aims to restore your body's ability to protect, regulate and heal itself. It is a whole body approach, so looks at your physical, mental and emotional well being. It is sometimes called phytomedicine, phytotherapy or botanical medicine. Naturopathic doctors (NDs) believe that cancer arises from an imbalance that causes a systemic breakdown within the body. Homeopathy is based on the theory of treating like with like. So to treat an illness a homeopathic therapist (homeopath) uses tiny doses of a substance that in large doses would actually cause the symptoms of the illness.

Distribution in economics refers to the way total output, income, or wealth is distributed among individuals or among the factors of production (such as labour, land, and capital). In general theory and the national income and product accounts, each unit of output corresponds to a unit of income. Cancer can be a major cause of lack of money. This may be due either to the costs of treating and managing the illness as well as its impact upon people's ability to work. This particularly affects countries that lack comprehensive social health insurance systems and other types of social safety nets. The study is a longitudinal short study of 10,000 hospital patients with a first time diagnosis of cancer.

Patients were assigned a socioeconomic status according to the district of residence at diagnosis. Continuity of patients due to cancer living in the most deprived district was compared to survival of patients living in all other districts by model-based period analysis. These major regional socioeconomic inequalities indicate a potential for improving cancer care and survival in Germany. Studies on individual patient data with access to treatment information should be conducted to examine the reasons for these socioeconomic inequalities in cancer survival in more detail.

CCR is currently recruiting Associate Editors to join our team specialsing in Haematology and Oncology. Globally it is expected that there are 7.6 million new cancer cases per annum, out of which 52% happen in developing countries. Case reports should include relevant positive and negative findings from history, examination and investigation, and can include clinical photographs, provided these are accompanied by written consent to publish from the patient(s). Case reports should include an up-to-date review of all previous cases in the field.

Oncology has become one of the most important focus areas for pharmaceutical and biotech companies because of the high gear unmet need for improved handling for various types of Cancers. For an oncologist or an oncology nurse, to find the appropriate words to console a person who is suffering the loss of a loved one can be troublesome. This section in several oncology  conferences & oncology nursing meetings addresses how different groups of oncologists, patients, and Nurses think about the end-of-life care issues . This section discusses an oncologist's responsibility and perspective when it comes to subjects such as  advanced cancer, hospice , do not resuscitate orders, cytotoxic therapy, maintaining a patient's dignity, supportive care and imminent decease . Article in this series also discuss the role of church property and religion during the time of Death , and the importance of good communicating between the oncologist and family members throughout the dying process.

Oncology nurses practice in a variety of settings including acute care hospitals, ambulatory care clinics, private oncologists' offices, radiation therapy facilities, home healthcare agencies, and community agencies.

The practice of cancer nursing encompasses the roles of direct caregiver, educator, consultant, administrator, and researcher. Oncology and cancer nursing extends to all care delivery settings where clients experiencing or at risk for developing cancer receive health care, education, and counseling for cancer prevention, screening and detection.