9^th Diabetologists Conference

Biography

Biography: Claude K Lardinois

Abstract

CVD is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of early death among people with diabetes about 65 percent of people with diabetes die from heart disease and stroke. Annually in the United States 1,000,000 people will suffer a myocardial infarction: One-third of those will occur in people who have already suffered an event. Modification of traditional risk factors, such as smoking cessation, decreasing blood pressure and lowering of cholesterol in high risk individuals has resulted in reducing CVD and stroke remarkably. However, the current standard of care using traditional modifiable risk factors alone is frequently inadequate to identify some individuals with CVD. Therefore, it is important to not rely solely on risk factor modification when assessing for CVD, but also to incorporate a disease platform. A new paradigm focusing on the disease (atherosclerosis) is necessary. Non-invasive endothelial testing [coronary calcium score (CCS), carotid intima media thickness (cIMT)], genetics assessment [Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), kinesin-like protein 6 (KIF6), 9 region p21 locus (9p21), lipoprotein (a) (LPA) and haptoglobin genotype (Hp 1-1, Hp 1-2, Hp 2-2)] and measurement of major biomarkers [F2-Isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), myeloperoxidase (MPO), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), fibrinogen, and homocysteine (Hcy)] enhance the ability to identify disease (atherosclerosis) earlier. When disease is found, the causes must be identified and treated. A paradigm shift focusing on arteriology (disease platform) is mandated to reduce the high rate of recurrence of CVD and stroke.